by Overview of Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis(DPT) Vaccine
Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DPT) are serious bacterial infections that can cause severe health issues in infants and young children. Diphtheria can lead to breathing problems, paralysis, and heart failure. Tetanus causes painful muscle stiffness and lockjaw, while Pertussis (whooping cough) leads to severe coughing spells that can interfere with breathing. Vaccination is crucial to protect against these diseases.
What is the Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis(DPT) vaccine, who should receive it, and what is its schedule?
TThe DPT vaccine is a combination vaccine that protects against Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis. It is typically administered to infants and young children as part of the Universal Immunization Program (UIP) in India. The vaccination schedule generally includes:
- Booster doses: At 16-24 months and 5-6 years of age
- Primary series: At 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age (included in the Pentavalent vaccine)
Who should avoid the Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis(DPT) vaccine?
Certain individuals should not receive the DPT vaccine due to potential complications. This includes those who:
- Have had a severe allergic reaction to a previous dose of the vaccine or any of its components
- Have a history of seizures or other neurological disorders
- Are moderately or severely ill at the time of vaccination (vaccination can be postponed until recovery).
What changes occur after Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis(DPT) vaccination?
Following DPT vaccination, some common side effects may occur, including:
- Redness, swelling, or soreness at the injection site
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Loss of appetite
- Vomiting
These side effects are usually mild and resolve within a few days
How safe is the Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis(DPT) vaccine?
The DPT vaccine is generally safe and effective. It provides long-term protection against Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis, significantly reducing the risk of these diseases. Serious side effects are rare.
While the DPT vaccine is safe, you should consult your doctor if you experience any of the following:
- Persistent pain or swelling at the injection site
- Severe allergic reaction (e.g., difficulty breathing, swelling of the face and throat)
- High fever
Cost of Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis(DPT) Vaccine?
The cost of the DPT vaccine in India varies depending on the type and healthcare facility. The price ranges from approximately ₹50 for the DTwP (whole-cell pertussis) vaccine to ₹3,000 for the DTaP (acellular pertussis) vaccine.
When to see a doctor
After receiving the DPT vaccine, you should consult a doctor if you experience any of the following:
- Severe allergic reactions: Symptoms like difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or hives.
- High fever: A fever that persists or is unusually high.
- Unusual behavior: Signs of confusion or extreme irritability.
- Persistent pain or swelling: At the injection site that doesn’t improve.
- Muscle weakness: Any signs of muscle weakness or paralysis.
These symptoms are rare, but it’s important to seek medical advice if they occur. For most people, the vaccine is safe and side effects are mild.
